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Failed to connect to MySQL: (1203) User howardkn already has more than 'max_user_connections' active connectionsPath: ...!fu-berlin.de!uni-berlin.de!individual.net!not-for-mail From: Jeff Liebermann Newsgroups: rec.bicycles.tech Subject: Re: bike light optics Date: Wed, 10 Apr 2024 15:46:35 -0700 Lines: 65 Message-ID: <6b4e1j9c0tfufq7vqvl5n4jn2od7sv23cj@4ax.com> References: <0ni91jlfr7qq71svg7panvdr10u6t7n7b2@4ax.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Trace: individual.net oKPPVBbavk2y8Zxsx4eOuQ8ZCcNeesd6ezp14xhEVvkGu6cVTS Cancel-Lock: sha1:L7IGBBzNbrIoDxoGsWpfgywKD0Y= sha256:cx4ooESz3m5tCVETmNMGSlEXtv6i1Fg37ba81+MlbXs= User-Agent: ForteAgent/8.00.32.1272 Bytes: 3857 On Wed, 10 Apr 2024 10:13:44 -0400, Zen Cycle wrote: >I read somewhere once where a cable testing with PWM was a thing, never >saw any real world applications for it though. As a last resort, it might be useful to ask an expert. In this case, it's Microsoft CoPilot, which was just installed on my Windoze 10 desktop without my permission. I asked the AI: "Is PWM used for testing cables?" and the AI replied (mercifully edited for brevity by me): "Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is a technology primarily used to control the speed of fans and pumps in computer systems. It works by modulating the voltage delivered to the device, allowing for precise control over fan speeds, which results in optimized cooling and minimized noise." This is what's meant by fan speed control: No, it's not a cable tester. "However, PWM can also be used in testing certain circuits. For instance, to confirm if the Electronic Control Unit (ECU) is commanding control, you can employ a test light or a noid light. The test light can be attached in series (between the two terminals) and the circuit evoked. The light should pulse. If it doesn't, either the wiring back to the ECU is compromised, or the ECU is not sending a command." That's a complicated explanation for a continuity tester that intermittently beeps when there's a connection. Yes, that might be a primitive cable tester, but is probably now what Tom designed. Noid lights are used for testing fuel injectors. I thought it was a crude abreviation for "No Idea" or for traffic stops, "no identification" papers: (2:04) Pleeze add "noid" to your speling chequer. "In terms of cable testing, there are specific devices like the PWM 21 inspection unit that makes real-time encoder diagnosis and automatic encoder identification possible. But generally, PWM is not commonly used for testing cables. Standard cable testing often involves different maintenance and diagnostic techniques." That's not a cable tester but rather an encoder tester. Bottom line is that Cortana/Bing/CoPilot could not find an example of cable testing using PWM. "Source: Conversation with Bing, 4/10/2024" Someone should tell Microsoft that Bing previously was called Cortana and is now called CoPilot. -- Jeff Liebermann jeffl@cruzio.com PO Box 272 http://www.LearnByDestroying.com Ben Lomond CA 95005-0272 Skype: JeffLiebermann AE6KS 831-336-2558