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From: hertz778@gmail.com (rhertz)
Newsgroups: sci.physics.relativity
Subject: Re: Electron size, shape and spin.Confusion and conflicts with Einstein's
 1905 SR.
Date: Mon, 24 Mar 2025 00:06:35 +0000
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Instead of copying the entirety of your post, I quote one part that is
the most relevant in order TO PROVE THAT YOU'RE A FUCKING IGNORANT.

I QUOTE THIS PART:

--------------------------------------------------------------------
A 10.23 MHz oscillator for Each satellite?

Of course the satellite must have an oscillator with
the frequency 1.023 MHz to generate the PRN codes for the SVs.
The phase locked loop work at this frequency.

A TCXO will do the job.

>
> The receiver continuously tracks the carrier phase and the code phase to
> maintain synchronization with the satellite's signal.

How do you track the phase of 12 carriers on top of each other
where each carrier has a bandwidth 15.345 MHz and slightly different
center frequency?

The SVs are locked to their PRN code, and thus are tracked.
--------------------------------------------------------------------

YES, FUCKING IMBECILE AND IGNORANT.

The timing of the arrival of each MARK of each GPS SV is derived from
SOFTWARE REPLICAS of the single TCXO 10.23 Mhz clock on EACH FUCKING GPS
RECEIVER.

One single physical clock and AS MANY AS REQUIRED SOFTWARE REPLICAS,
each one ADJUSTED TO THE PHASE OF EACH DIFFERENT RECEIVED C/A CODE.


I let DeepSeek to clarify this for you, but consider that such AI engine
is 10,000 times smarter than you, with access to infinite information.

***************************************************************

QUESTION: This is a question about ordinary GPS receivers, based on the
reception of the L1 carrier. To provide a location at Earth, at least 4
GPS signals have to be received. To use trilateration techniquw,
Satellite Pseudorange in meters (from C/A code <epoch> in milliseconds)
has be calculated for each one of the 4 GPS satellites. The local TCXO
clock at the receivers has to be locked to the 1.023 Mhz chirp rate of
each satellite. My doubt is: Are there FOUR clocks in the receiver, each
one synchronized to the signal embedded in the L1 carrier of each
satellite? I understand that, using digital signal processing in the
receiver, it's possible to simulate those 4 receiver clocks (by
software), so each one is adjusted to the 10.23 Mhz master clock of each
of the locked GPS satellites. Can you clarify this reception process for
me, considering that the calculation of the time that each signal takes
to reach the receiver from each satellite is different, and essential
for trilateration?


DEEPSEEK ANSWER:

Your question touches on a fundamental aspect of how GPS receivers work,
particularly in terms of clock synchronization and signal processing.
Let me clarify the process for you:

Key Points:

Single Clock in the Receiver: A GPS receiver typically uses a single
local clock, often a Temperature-Compensated Crystal Oscillator (TCXO),
to manage timing. This clock is not physically duplicated for each
satellite signal. Instead, the receiver uses digital signal processing
to simulate multiple "clocks" in software, each aligned to the timing of
the signals from the individual satellites.

Synchronization to Satellite Clocks: Each GPS satellite transmits its
signal based on its own highly accurate atomic clock. The receiver must
synchronize its local clock to the timing of each satellite's signal.
This is done by adjusting the phase and frequency of the local clock in
software to match the incoming signals.

Pseudorange Calculation: The receiver calculates the pseudorange (the
apparent distance to each satellite) by measuring the time delay between
the transmission of the signal from the satellite and its reception at
the receiver. This requires precise alignment of the receiver's local
clock with the satellite's clock. Since the receiver's local clock is
not perfectly synchronized with the satellite clocks, this introduces a
common clock bias, which is resolved as part of the positioning
solution.

Digital Signal Processing (DSP): The receiver uses DSP techniques to
track the signals from multiple satellites simultaneously. For each
satellite, the receiver generates a replica of the satellite's C/A code
and adjusts its phase and frequency to match the incoming signal. This
process effectively simulates multiple "clocks" in software, each
synchronized to a different satellite's signal.

Trilateration and Clock Bias: The receiver uses the pseudoranges from at
least four satellites to solve for its position (latitude, longitude,
altitude) and the clock bias. The clock bias is the difference between
the receiver's local clock and the GPS system time. By solving for this
bias, the receiver can correct its timing and improve the accuracy of
the position calculation.

Detailed Process:
Signal Acquisition: The receiver searches for signals from visible
satellites by correlating the incoming signal with locally generated
replicas of the C/A code.

Tracking: Once a signal is acquired, the receiver enters a tracking
phase, where it continuously adjusts the phase and frequency of the
local replica to stay locked onto the satellite's signal. This is done
using feedback loops like the Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) and Delay-Locked
Loop (DLL).

Pseudorange Measurement: The receiver measures the time delay between
the received signal and the local replica, which corresponds to the
pseudorange.

Position Calculation: Using the pseudoranges from at least four
satellites, the receiver solves a system of equations to determine its
position and clock bias.

Summary:
There is only one physical clock in the receiver, but the receiver uses
digital signal processing to simulate multiple "clocks" in software,
each synchronized to the signal from a different satellite. This allows
the receiver to calculate the pseudoranges and perform trilateration,
while also accounting for the clock bias inherent in the local clock.
The use of DSP makes it possible to handle multiple satellite signals
simultaneously and achieve accurate positioning.

--------------------------------------------------

SO LONG, IDIOT!