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From: bertietaylor@myyahoo.com (Bertitaylor)
Newsgroups: sci.physics,sci.physics.relativity,sci.math
Subject: Re: What is a photon
Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2025 03:19:14 +0000
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On Fri, 13 Jun 2025 7:45:02 +0000, Thomas Heger wrote:

> Am Donnerstag000012, 12.06.2025 um 13:05 schrieb Bertitaylor:
>> On Thu, 12 Jun 2025 4:29:18 +0000, Thomas Heger wrote:
>>
>>> Am Donnerstag000012, 12.06.2025 um 04:01 schrieb Bertitaylor:
>>>> On Wed, 11 Jun 2025 5:30:00 +0000, Thomas Heger wrote:
>>>>
>>>>> Am Montag000009, 09.06.2025 um 07:33 schrieb Bertitaylor:
>>>>>> On Mon, 9 Jun 2025 4:46:57 +0000, Thomas Heger wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Am Donnerstag000005, 05.06.2025 um 13:51 schrieb bertitaylor:
>>>>>>>> On Wed, 4 Jun 2025 12:32:19 +0000, Paul.B.Andersen wrote:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> Den 04.06.2025 10:39, skrev Bertitaylor:
>>>>>>>>>> On Tue, 3 Jun 2025 11:22:38 +0000, Paul.B.Andersen wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> Den 02.06.2025 05:16, skrev Bertietaylor:
>>>>>>>>>>>>> On 01/06/2025 12:46, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Experiments show that the speed of light is invariant: [...]
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> How is that possible if light is waves in an aether ?
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>> Speed of light has to be variant in the Copernican model. Light
>>>>>>>>>>>> is a
>>>>>>>>>>>> wave. All waves need media to propagate. Light's medium is
>>>>>>>>>>>> aether.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> A bit confused, Bertietaylor?
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>> Not at all.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> You use the Copernican model to defend your claim
>>>>>>>>> that the speed of light isn't invariant, and are
>>>>>>>>> not confused? :-D
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Why should we be? Are you thick? We have following Arindam said
>>>>>>>> clearly
>>>>>>>> that as the Earth moves, light speed has to be variant as the
>>>>>>>> nulls in
>>>>>>>> MMX could not happen otherwise. The foolish or sinister physicists
>>>>>>>> have
>>>>>>>> either not thought of or ignored the fact that the Earth's movement
>>>>>>>> would cause light to move more or less between any two points on the
>>>>>>>> moving Earth.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> The Copernican model is wrong, the Sun isn't the centre of the
>>>>>>>>>>> Universe.
>>>>>>>>>>> And in 1543 Copernicus  knew nothing about the speed of light.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>> The Sun is at the centre of the solar system, of which you may
>>>>>>>>>> have
>>>>>>>>>> heard. The Earth goes around the Sun. The Sun and the planets do
>>>>>>>>>> NOT go
>>>>>>>>>> around the Earth in crystal spheres. Where the stars are
>>>>>>>>>> supposedly
>>>>>>>>>> light from Heaven casting their light through pricks on the
>>>>>>>>>> crystal
>>>>>>>>>> spheres.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> And that means that the speed of light isn't invariant? :-D
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Light speed would be invariant as per MMX if the Earth did not
>>>>>>>> move in
>>>>>>>> space as the Aristotle model has it.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> We have following Arindam said clearly that as the Earth moves,
>>>>>>>> light
>>>>>>>> speed has to be variant as the nulls in MMX could not happen
>>>>>>>> otherwise.
>>>>>>>> The foolish or sinister physicists have either not thought of or
>>>>>>>> ignored
>>>>>>>> the fact that the Earth's movement would cause light to move more or
>>>>>>>> less between any two points on the moving Earth.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> But forget quantum theories, it is irrelevant to the question
>>>>>>>>>>> if the speed of light is invariant.
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> Many experiments are performed to answer the question.
>>>>>>>>>>> A few of them:
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> https://paulba.no/paper/Kennedy_Thorndike.pdf
>>>>>>>>>>> https://paulba.no/paper/Michelson_1913.pdf
>>>>>>>>>>> https://paulba.no/paper/Alvager_et_al.pdf
>>>>>>>>>>> https://paulba.no/paper/Babcock_Bergman.pdf
>>>>>>>>>>> https://paulba.no/paper/Brecher.pdf
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> The result is that it is thoroughly confirmed that
>>>>>>>>>>> the speed of light is invariant.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> However the big daddy of them all, the MMX, clearly shows that the
>>>>>>>> light
>>>>>>>> speed is variant as the Earth moves. If the fact that light moves a
>>>>>>>> greater or lesser distance between two points on the moving Earth is
>>>>>>>> ignored, the experiments will start off with a false basis.  So
>>>>>>>> nothing
>>>>>>>> true will come from such an horrendous bungle.
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> So I ask you again:
>>>>>>>>>>> How can the speed of a wave in an aether be invariant?
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> It is never invariant. It is always variant for all objects in the
>>>>>>>> universe move with respect to the common static medium, that is
>>>>>>>> aum or
>>>>>>>> aether.
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> What is the speed of light measured in a frame of reference
>>>>>>>>>>> where the aether is stationary?
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> The speed of light will always APPEAR to be invariant in an
>>>>>>>> experiment
>>>>>>>> like MMX whereas it is variant. Making APPEARANCE reality, on the
>>>>>>>> unscientific subjective basis, is the constitution of Einsteinian
>>>>>>>> pseudo-physics.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> That light speed is variant is clearly shown from the Doppler
>>>>>>>> effect,
>>>>>>>> like radar or redshift and blueshift in the stars as the go away or
>>>>>>>> come
>>>>>>>> near.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> What is the speed of light measured in a frame of reference
>>>>>>>>>>> where the aether is moving with the speed v?
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Aether does not move. The speed of light from a plane flying at
>>>>>>>> speed v
>>>>>>>> to a radar on the ground is c+v.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> No answer, Bertietaylor?
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Well, we cannot answer to all as promptly as we might wish. Lots of
>>>>>>>> other things to do, what.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> I am beginning to suspect that you are unable to answer the
>>>>>>>>> question:
>>>>>>>>> "How can the speed of a wave in an aether be invariant?"
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> It cannot be invariant, it will always be variant. However on
>>>>>>>> Earth we
>>>>>>>> may measure the speed as c following the usual methods. Also,
>>>>>>>> Maxwell's
>>>>>>>> equations provide a value for c, which match experimental values.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> Maybe you don't know what invariant means?
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Invariant means that the speed does not depend upon the speed of the
>>>>>>>> emitter, in this case.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Actually 'invarinat speed of light' means, that light travels always
>>>>>>> with the same speed through vacuum.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> As measured from the moving Earth, yes. It also matches the value
>>>>>> found
>>>>>> from Maxwell's equations and the values of permittivity and
>>>>>> permeability, triumphantly showing the wave nature of light. However
>>>>>> with respect to static solid aether filling the universe it's speed
>>>>>> depends upon the velocity of its emitter.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> ALL velocities are 'observer dependent', if you attatch the frame of
>>>>> reference to the observer.
>>>>
>>>> Quite so a moving observer sees higher velocities or lower velocities
>>>> from any source.
>>>
>>> subjectivism would require to 'halt' the observer, because observers do
>>> not move in respect to themselves.
>>>
>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> That is actually useful, because that is how we observe the world.
>>>>
>>>> Our observations may be correct but our analysis may be flawed and our
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