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From: hertz778@gmail.com (rhertz)
Newsgroups: sci.physics.relativity
Subject: Re: The Shapiro's experiment HOAX. A 1968 TIME article.
Date: Tue, 15 Oct 2024 22:24:11 +0000
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Excerpts from Wallace's book "The farce of physics" (1994).

--------------------------------------------------------
In the talk, Shapiro presented the illusion that the radar data was
consistent with Einstein's general relativity theory. The talk was
essentially the same as the paper titled "Radar Observations of
the Planets" which he had published in the prestigious journal
Scientific American. [59]
In my debate with Shapiro, in the comment session that followed his
talk, he admitted that all his calculations were based on a constant
speed of light c (the wave in ether model), and he had not tested c+v
(the particle model). He did this, in spite of the fact, that the major
problem in modern physics, is the wave-particle paradox.

That is, in some experiments light seems to behave like a wave, and in
other experiments it seems to behave as a particle. He admitted the fact
that the published radar analysis showed very large impossible
variations in the calculated value of the astronomical unit (the mean
distance between the earth and the sun), that were far larger than their
maximum estimate of all possible errors.

The graphed calculated values of the astronomical unit contained a daily
component that was proportional to the relative velocity due to the
Earth's rotation, a 30-day component, related to the Earth-Moon
rotation, and a component related to the relative solar orbital
velocities of the Earth and Venus.
........................

[61] The radar observations were estimated to be capable of measuring
the distance to Venus with an accuracy of within 1.5 kilometers, the
only important variable being the relative velocity of light in space.
The Earth's rotation could cause a maximum difference in calculated
distance between the two theories of 260 kilometers when two radar
stations, one on either side of the Earth, observe Venus at the same
time when the planet is at its closest point to the Earth.

This difference would increase as the distance between the Earth and
Venus increased. An analysis of the data based on the incorrect theory
would show the center of Venus to be at different distances from the
center of the Earth at the same time. The analysis of the data published
by Shapiro's research group also presents evidence against the c theory
from observations made at the same time from different points on the
Earth. The Lincoln Laboratory made a complete c analysis of all the
radar data up to 1966. The Einstein general relativity time delay
goodness-of-fit for the US Massachusetts radar station was 1.57, the
value for the Puerto Rico station was .97, the value for the USSR
Crimean station was 7.10.

Although not apparent from inspection of Fig. 4, the residuals of the
U.S.S.R. time delay are systematically negative relative to the Arecibo
and Lincoln Laboratory residuals during the time period (June 1964) when
all three groups were observing Venus. This incompatibility cannot be
removed by assuming simply that different units of time were used by the
different observatories.


If the theory is wrong, the values of the parameters will be selected
from the data in a manner that tends to cover up the inadequacies of the
theory (for example, if least mean-square fitting is employed).
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MATHEMAGICS WAS USED ALONG WITH CHERRY-PICKED DATA IN SHAPIRO'S HOAX.