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From: Mario Petrinovic <mario.petrinovic1@zg.htnet.hr>
Newsgroups: sci.anthropology.paleo
Subject: Re: Persistent predators at Schoningen
Date: Sun, 6 Oct 2024 15:31:20 +0200
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On 5.10.2024. 13:17, Pandora wrote:
> Persistent predators: Zooarchaeological evidence for specialized horse 
> hunting at Schöningen 13II-4
> 
> Open access:
> https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103590
> 
> Highlights
> 
> *The Schöningen “Spear Horizon” likely accumulated over a short period 
> of time.
> 
> *Middle Pleistocene hominins potentially occupied the Schöningen 
> lakeshore year-round.
> 
> *Schöningen hunters were highly selective in prey choice and prey target 
> groups.
> 
> *Carcass exploitation at Schöningen focused on situational needs.
> 
> Abstract
> 
> The Schöningen 13II-4 site is a marvel of Paleolithic archaeology. With 
> the extraordinary preservation of complete wooden spears and butchered 
> large mammal bones dating from the Middle Pleistocene, Schöningen 
> maintains a prominent position in the halls of human origins worldwide. 
> Here, we present the first analysis of the complete large mammal faunal 
> assemblage from Schöningen 13II-4, drawing on multiple lines of 
> zooarchaeological and taphonomic evidence to expose the full spectrum of 
> hominin activities at the site—before, during, and after the hunt. Horse 
> (Equus mosbachensis) remains dominate the assemblage and suggest a 
> recurrent ambush hunting strategy along the margins of the Schöningen 
> paleo-lake. In this regard, Schöningen 13II-4 provides the first 
> undisputed evidence for hunting of a single prey species that can be 
> studied from an in situ, open-air context. The Schöningen hominins 
> likely relied on cooperative hunting strategy to target horse family 
> groups, to the near exclusion of bachelor herds. Horse kills occurred 
> during all seasons, implying a year-round presence of hominins on the 
> Schöningen landscape. All portions of prey skeletons are represented in 
> the assemblage, many complete and in semiarticulation, with little 
> transport of skeletal parts away from the site. Butchery marks are 
> abundant, and adult carcasses were processed more thoroughly than were 
> juveniles. Numerous complete, unmodified bones indicated that lean meat 
> and marrow were not always so highly prized, especially in events 
> involving multiple kills when fat and animal hides may have received 
> greater attention. The behaviors displayed at Schöningen continue to 
> challenge our perceptions and models of past hominin lifeways, further 
> cementing Schöningen's standing as the archetype for understanding 
> hunting adaptations during the European Middle Pleistocene.
> 
> Well, that doesn't sound like diving for shellfish.

		Hm, how you think people started to eat meat? Eating bone marrow? I 
(and this document) wouldn't say so. Shouldn't a shellfish, salty 
shellfish, would be much better match?
		They say that they hunted horses by ambush. 80 % of lion prey are 
zebras, also hunted by the way of ambush.
		If they were there all year round, why would they move? This implies 
sedentary lifestyle.
		If they preferred fat, wouldn't pigs be a better choice? Of course, 
here we are talking about plains, hence horses, no pigs, but if they 
preferred fat, this would mean that their original food would actually 
be pigs, and here they are hunting horses because there are no pigs on 
plains. And piglets can be easily eaten burnt by setting their nest on fire.