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From: Lynn McGuire <lynnmcguire5@gmail.com>
Newsgroups: comp.lang.fortran
Subject: Re: OT: unicode (Was: Re: Upcoming gfortran 15 will contain unsigned
 numbers)
Date: Mon, 25 Nov 2024 14:39:37 -0600
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On 11/25/2024 5:35 AM, Wolfgang Agnes wrote:
> Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> writes:
> 
>> On Sat, 23 Nov 2024 09:18:11 -0300, Wolfgang Agnes wrote:
>>
>>> How about UCS-2?
>>
>> “UCS-2” was the name of the encoding back when it was assumed that Unicode
>> was always going to be just 16 bits. After the coding was extended, those
>> “surrogate” ranges were introduced, to allow representation of the extra
>> characters within a 16-bit encoding, and so “UCS-2” was renamed to
>> “UTF-16”.
>>
>> In short, “UTF-16” is basically “UCS-2 with surrogates”.
> 
> Nice to know!  Thanks.  So, UCS means ``Universal Character Set''.  I
> thought it was a whole different character set.  It's a bit difficult to
> understand ``surrogates''.  So many definitions come up such as ``Basic
> Multilingual Plane''.  Can you explain what surrogates are?

There is lots of information at
    https://home.unicode.org/

And
    https://stackoverflow.com/

Lynn