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Failed to connect to MySQL: (1203) User howardkn already has more than 'max_user_connections' active connectionsPath: ...!Xl.tags.giganews.com!local-4.nntp.ord.giganews.com!nntp.earthlink.com!news.earthlink.com.POSTED!not-for-mail NNTP-Posting-Date: Sun, 20 Oct 2024 04:13:22 +0000 Subject: Re: The joy of FORTRAN Newsgroups: comp.os.linux.misc,alt.folklore.computers References: <5mqdnZuGq4lgwm_7nZ2dnZfqnPSdnZ2d@earthlink.com> <36KdnVlGJu9VLW77nZ2dnZfqn_qdnZ2d@earthlink.com> From: "186282@ud0s4.net" <186283@ud0s4.net> Organization: wokiesux Date: Sun, 20 Oct 2024 00:13:15 -0400 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:78.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/78.13.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Language: en-US Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Message-ID: Lines: 55 X-Usenet-Provider: http://www.giganews.com NNTP-Posting-Host: 99.101.150.97 X-Trace: sv3-v8s8IKb555IkxuMI6TFWc9l2vdBLM+azm8wTmY7L0GHu1YPbxGoGeGu7U3Jv8ZOptu8/uywFj44NzDe!ZcDZ26cVurI1I3FjbyGMSxOG2sJpbxk7OIquzbgFbqZo1bMPkBJ/E5ehs1OVE+hbLBlLZ//d+DGv!hM5LNHoNsjw6s5pLTzXM X-Abuse-and-DMCA-Info: Please be sure to forward a copy of ALL headers X-Abuse-and-DMCA-Info: Otherwise we will be unable to process your complaint properly X-Postfilter: 1.3.40 Bytes: 3977 On 10/6/24 11:02 PM, rbowman wrote: > On Sun, 6 Oct 2024 16:06:14 -0600, Louis Krupp wrote: > >> GNU Forth... I don't know enough about it to have an opinion. > > https://gforth.org/manual/Forth-is-written-in-Forth.html > > Forth is an odd beast. There is a very small engine that has to be built > for the processor in question to handle words. > > https://github.com/forthy42/gforth/tree/master/engine > > gcc can handle that since it is C code. The original Chuck Moore FORTH slightly pre-dates the i4004 chip. As a half-a-step above ASM the syntax is (sort of) more readable. The 'stack' approach to dealing with both commands and data could be implemented very simply (but you HAD to be fully aware of what was on the stack exactly where). FORTH also supports subroutines and you can make a lib of those. The interpreter can be VERY small - fit into a little old ROM chip. I think one company made CPUs with an inbuilt FORTH kernel. It is reported that the first language ported to the new 8088/8086 processors way back was FORTH. It was especially popular in the 70s/80s for minimal systems - especially for academia/space. If you had a telescope on a mountaintop in Chile and a 110 baud connection then you could still easily edit/test the control program from sunny Cal. I know an old astronomer - he is still fluent in FORTH. Modern chips/systems and 4/5-G or sat connections have kinda made FORTH redundant - but it may still have a place for some 'industrial' and remote-sense apps using power around that of an Arduino or less. Interpreters can be handy sometimes. Somewhere I've got a 'CPL' interpreter. CPL became BCPL which became 'B' which became 'C'. gFORTH is kind of a 'cheat' - just a translator into 'C'. What you want is a native interpreter. https://www.forth.org/compilers.html SOMEWHERE I came across a whole FORTH dev environment for Linux but accidentally deleted it.