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Failed to connect to MySQL: (1203) User howardkn already has more than 'max_user_connections' active connectionsPath: ...!eternal-september.org!feeder2.eternal-september.org!news.eternal-september.org!.POSTED!not-for-mail From: Lawrence D'Oliveiro Newsgroups: comp.misc,alt.folklore.computers Subject: Re: the early teletype Date: Thu, 14 Nov 2024 06:56:20 -0000 (UTC) Organization: A noiseless patient Spider Lines: 14 Message-ID: References: <673571b4$2$13$882e4bbb@reader.netnews.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Injection-Date: Thu, 14 Nov 2024 07:56:20 +0100 (CET) Injection-Info: dont-email.me; posting-host="ffabb5d806abaac0d7b1be2c681f9f4c"; logging-data="2836320"; mail-complaints-to="abuse@eternal-september.org"; posting-account="U2FsdGVkX1/17G8OoMpkNN3ok/4Dtvmq" User-Agent: Pan/0.160 (Toresk; ) Cancel-Lock: sha1:A9Yf7wSrjLIZrGL8zgahrQItlVo= Bytes: 1602 On 14 Nov 2024 03:42:44 GMT, Retrograde wrote: > By 1874, the Frenchman Èmile Baudot created a 5-bit code to represent > characters over a teleprinter line. Like some earlier systems, the code > used two shift characters to select uppercase letters (LTRS) and figures > (FIGS). > This lets the 32 possible codes represent 26 letters, 10 digits, and a > few punctuation marks. However, if the receiver missed a shift > character, the message would garble badly. This was especially a problem > over radio links. You could hear such signals quite frequently on short-wave radio -- a rapid series of tones alternating between two pitches -- much faster than Morse code.